Review: Eksplorasi Bakteri Endofit Sebagai Sumber Antibiotik Baru Untuk Mengatasi Resistensi

Diara Ravika Hadjami, Afni Aprianti

Abstract


Kematian akibat resistensi antibiotik merupakan permasalahan serius di banyak negara, sering kali disebabkan oleh penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak terkontrol dan kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat. Upaya untuk menemukan antibiotik baru yang dapat mengatasi bakteri resisten terus dilakukan, salah satunya melalui eksplorasi bakteri endofit yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman dan diketahui memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif, termasuk antibakteri. Artikel review ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan, menganalisis, dan menyusun informasi dari berbagai studi yang berfokus pada isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri endofit dari tanaman, serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri yang dihasilkan. Proses isolasi bakteri endofit biasanya diawali dengan desinfeksi permukaan tanaman. Berbagai jenis media isolasi digunakan dimana hasil yang menunjukkan variasi dalam jumlah dan jenis bakteri endofit yang tumbuh. Identifikasi umumnya menunjukkan dominasi genus Streptomyces, bakteri gram positif. Hasil analisis ini mengindikasikan potensi bakteri endofit sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi dalam pengembangan antibiotik baru.

Keywords


bakteri endofit; resistensi antibiotik; aktivitas antibakteri

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.52643/jir.v15i3.4385

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